Metal Forming - 7 OPC UA ObjectTypes

A metal forming machine is described by an instance of the 8:MachineToolType defined in OPC 40501-1 Machine Tools and has various extensions for the metal forming specific values and process data. The 8:MachineToolType Instance can be extended by the following points through metal forming specific objects types (see Figure 10). The object type 8:ElementMonitoringType from the 0:BaseObjectType instance is extended by the Metal Forming ObjectTypes ProcessWorkingUnitType (7.4) and FormingProcessWorkingUnitType (7.5). The ObjectType 8:BaseToolType is supplemented by the ObjectTypes FormingToolType (7.6) and FormingMultiToolType (7.7). The example in Figure 9 also shows an extension of the 8:MachineToolType. To identify machines of different manufacturers, the information in the 2:Identification component of the 8:MachineToolType can be used.

Figure 10 – Extension of the MachineTool

7.2 CyclicProcessValueType ObjectType definition

The CyclicProcessValueType (see Figure 11) is a subtype of the 7:ProcessValueType and is used if the monitoring of dependent on repetitive processes inside a run is done. Therefore, it is important to remind the differences between a job order, run and cycle defined in the Metal Forming terms 3.2. The CyclicProcessValueType describes a machining cycle of a forming process.

Figure 11 – CyclicProcessValueType

The CylicProcessValueType is formally defined in Table 15.

Table 15 – CyclicProcessValueType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	CyclicProcessValueType
IsAbstract	False
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the 7:ProcessValueType defined in OPC 40001-2 i.e. inheriting the InstanceDeclarations of that Node.
0:HasComponent	Variable	CyclicProcessValue	CyclicProcessValueData Type	CyclicProcessValue VariableType	M
Conformance Units
MetalForming CyclicProcessValueType

CyclicProcessValue describes the transactional context between the 6:AnalogSignal, 7:ProcessValueSetpoint and the CycleCount. The DataType CyclicProcessValueDataType is defined in 10.1. The corresponding TypeDefinition CyclicProcessValueVariableType is defined in 9.1.

7.3 FormingPositionsType ObjectType Definition

The FormingPositionsType (see Figure 12) defines characteristic positions of a forming process and is formally defined in Table 16. For each cycle, the selected positions will get the ActualValue, Setpoint, EURange, EngineeringUnits and corresponding CycleCount as a CyclicProcessValueType, defined in 7.2. Figure 13 shows a hydraulic press machine with a cushion, indicating the positions of the characteristic points of a forming process.

Figure 12 – FormingPositionsType

Figure 13 – Example of a characteristic forming diagram of a hydraulic press

Table 16 – FormingPositionsType definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	FormingPositionsType
IsAbstract	False
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the 0:BaseObjectType defined in OPC 10000-5 i.e. inheriting the InstanceDeclarations of that Node.
0:HasComponent	Object	TDC		CyclicProcessValueType	O
0:HasComponent	Object	Start		CyclicProcessValueType	O
0:HasComponent	Object	Touch		CyclicProcessValueType	O
0:HasComponent	Object	BDC		CyclicProcessValueType	O
0:HasComponent	Object	Retract		CyclicProcessValueType	O
Conformance Units
MetalForming FormingPositionsType

TDC is defined in the Metal Forming terms 3.2.1.

Start defines the starting point of a forming process, which can be different to TDC.

Touch defines the position where the workpiece and tool have their first contact.

BDC is defined in the Metal Forming terms 3.2.1.

Retract defines the position where workpiece and tool separate from each other.

7.4 ProcessWorkingUnitType ObjectType Definition

The ProcessWorkingUnitType (see Figure 14) provides an instance of a unit which is part of the forming and / or production process and is formally defined in Table 17.

Figure 14 – ProcessWorkingUnitType

Table 17 – ProcessWorkingUnitType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	ProcessWorkingUnitType
IsAbstract	False
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the 8:WorkingUnitMonitoringType defined in REF OPC40501_1 \h OPC 40501-1 Machine Tools
0:HasComponent	Object	<ProcessValue>		7:ProcessValueType	OP
0:HasComponent	Object	<CyclicProcessValue>		CyclicProcessValue Type	OP
0:HasComponent	Object	4:MachineryItemState		4:MachineryItemState_ StateMachineType	M
Conformance Units
MetalForming ProcessWorkingUnitType

<ProcessValue> describes the monitoring of a signal from the corresponding working unit. Since there are more than one monitoring signals available per working unit, the 7:ProcessValue is defined as an optional placeholder. The 7:ProcessValueType is defined in OPC 40001-2.

<CyclicProcessValue> is of type CyclicProcessValueType, which is a subtype of 7:ProcessValueType and is representing process values and a transactional context between the 6:AnalogSignal, 7:ProcessValueSetpoint and the actual cycle count of the last cycle. The CyclicProcessValueType is formally defined in 7.2.

4:MachineryItemState represents the current state of the working unit.

7.5 FormingProcessWorkingUnitType ObjectType Definition

The FormingProcessWorkingUnitType (see Figure 15) represents a forming related working unit process, which needs to describe the actual forming position(s) of the last cycle, next to the processing parameters defined by the ProcessWorkingUnitType in Table 17. Therefore, FormingProcessWorkingUnitType is a subtype of ProcessWorkingUnitType and is formally defined in Table 18.

Figure 15 – FormingProcessWorkingUnitType

Table 18 – FormingProcessWorkingUnitType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	FormingProcessWorkingUnitType
IsAbstract	False
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the ProcessWorkingUnitType defined in Table 17.
0:HasComponent	Object	FormingPositions		FormingPositionsType	M
Conformance Units
MetalForming FormingProcessWorkingUnitType

FormingPositions is representing an ObjectType, including a definition of optional positions which are most used in forming processes. The TypeDefintion for the FormingPositionsType is done in 7.3.

7.6 FormingToolType ObjectType Definition

The FormingToolType (see Figure 16) is a subtype of the 8:BaseToolType and provides metal forming specific tool parameter in the Location Object. Therefore, the Location Object is overridden and adjusted with metal forming specific tool parameters. The FormingToolType is defined in Table 19.

Figure 16 – FormingToolType

Table 19 – FormingToolType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	FormingToolType
IsAbstract	False
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the 8:BaseToolType defined in REF OPC40501_1 \h OPC 40501-1 Machine Tools.
0:HasComponent	Object	8:Location		0:BaseObjectType	O
Conformance Units
MetalForming FormingToolType

The components of the FormingToolType have additional subcomponents which are defined in Table 20.

Table 20 – FormingToolType Additional Subcomponents

Source Path	Reference	NodeClass	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Others
8:Location	0:HasProperty	Variable	Orientation	String	0:PropertyType	O
8:Location	0:HasComponent	Variable	Position	Double	0:AnalogUnitRangeType	O
8:Location	0:HasProperty	Variable	Stage	UInt16	0:PropertyType	O
8:Location	0:HasProperty	Variable	8:Name	String	0:PropertyType	M
8:Location	0:HasProperty	Variable	8:PlaceNumber	UInt16	0:PropertyType	M

The 8:Location parameter, formally defined in OPC 40501-1 UA for MachineTool, indicates, where the tool is located.

Orientation indicates the mounted direction of the tool if there are several possibilities (e.g. “Front” or “Back” at bending machines) to align the tool at the tool holder.

Position is a parameter which describes the absolute position of the central tool axis in dependency to the central middle axis of the complete tool holder. This is necessary if the machine consists of several stages or if the is mounted asymmetric in dependency to the central middle axis of the complete tool holder.

The Position parameter is extended by an 0:EngineeringUnits property as well as an 0:EURange property describing detailed static information.

Figure 17 – Position parameter: Part 1

describes a hydraulic press machine with three stages, the absolute Positions as well as the corresponding unit (mm) and the low (red) and high (green) limits of each tool in the current stage.

The Stage parameter indicates on which stage the current defined tool is located.

The 8:PlaceNumber and the 8:Name are used like in the 8:BaseToolType.

Figure 18 – Position parameter: Part 2

7.7 FormingMultiToolType ObjectType Definition

The FormingMultiToolType (see Figure 19) provides an optional placeholder for FormingToolTypes and is formally defined in Table 21.

Figure 19 – FormingMultiToolType

Table 21 – FormingMultiToolType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	FormingMultiToolType
IsAbstract	False
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the 8:MultiToolType defined in REF OPC40501_1 \h OPC 40501-1 Machine Tools.
0:HasComponent	Object	<FormingTool>		FormingToolType	OP
Conformance Units
MetalForming FormingMultiToolType

The optional placeholder <FormingTool > Object contains information about the individual forming tools within the multitool.

7.8 FormingProcessConditionClassType ObjectType Definition

The supertype FormingProcessConditionClassType (see Figure 20) is a subtype of the ProcessConditionClassType and describes condition which can appear during the forming process, formally defined in Table 22.

Figure 20 – FormingProcessConditionClassType

Table 22 – FormingProcessConditionClassType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	FormingProcessConditionClassType
IsAbstract	True
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the ProcessConditionClassType defined in REF UAPart9 \h OPC 10000-9 Specification.
Conformance Units
MetalForming FormingProcessConditionClassType

7.9 AllowableTiltingExceededConditionClassType ObjectType

The AllowableTiltingExceededConditionClassType is an abstract ObjectType which should be caused when the allowable tilting of the machine limits is exceeded. The tilt is related to the punch of the hydraulic press machine as shown in Figure 21.

Figure 21 – Tilting exceeded

The AllowableTiltingExceededConditionClassType is formally defined in Table 23.

Table 23 – AllowableTiltingExceededConditionClassType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	AllowableTiltingExceededConditionClassType
IsAbstract	True
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the FormingProcessConditionClassType defined in 7.8 i.e. inheriting the InstanceDeclarations of that Node.
Conformance Units
MetalForming AllowableTiltingExceededConditionClassType

7.10 BreakthroughTonnageExceededConditionClassType ObjectType

The BreakthroughTonnageExceededConditionClassType is an abstract ObjectType which should be caused when the breakthrough tonnage limit of the machine is exceeded. The breakthrough tonnage generates a resistance by internal orifices that restrict the flow of oil out of the cylinder resulting in a cushioning effect. For example, shock dampers provide an upward counterpressure at the moment of breakthrough, resulting in a damping force as shown in Figure 22 for a hydraulic press machine.

Figure 22 – Breakthrough tonnage

The BreakthroughTonnageExceededConditionClassType is formally defined in Table 24.

Table 24 – BreakthroughTonnageExceededConditionClassType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	BreakthroughTonnageExceededConditionClassType
IsAbstract	True
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the FormingProcessConditionClassType defined in 7.8 i.e. inheriting the InstanceDeclarations of that Node.
Conformance Units
MetalForming BreakthroughTonnageExceededConditionClassType

7.11 CorrectionValueOutOfRangeConditionClassType ObjectType

The CorrectionValueOutOfRangeConditionClassType is an abstract ObjectType which should be caused when the correction value of the machine limits is exceeded. In this context, correction values mean dynamically adjusting values during production process, to get a better production quality. EXAMPLE: immersion depth control

The CorrectionValueOutOfRangeConditionClassType is formally defined in Table 25.

Table 25 – CorrectionValueOutOfRangeConditionClassType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	CorrectionValueOutOfRangeConditionClassType
IsAbstract	True
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the FormingProcessConditionClassType defined in 7.8 i.e. inheriting the InstanceDeclarations of that Node.
Conformance Units
MetalForming CorrectionValueOutOfRangeConditionClassType

7.12 EccentricLoadExceededConditionClassType ObjectType

The EccentricLoadExceededConditionClassType is an abstract ObjectType which should be caused when the eccentric load of the machine limits is exceeded. Eccentric load describes the value of the forming force acting off-center as shown in for a hydraulic press machine.

Figure 23 – Eccentric Load

The EccentricLoadExceededConditionClassType is formally defined in Table 26.

Table 26 – EccentricLoadExceededConditionClassType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	EccentricLoadExceededConditionClassType
IsAbstract	True
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the FormingProcessConditionClassType defined in 7.8 i.e. inheriting the InstanceDeclarations of that Node.
Conformance Units
MetalForming EccentricLoadExceededConditionClassType

7.13 OverloadTriggeredConditionClassType ObjectType

The OverloadTriggeredConditionClassType is an abstract ObjectType which should be caused when the overload of the machine limits is triggered. The overload refers to a situation where the press machine is subjected to a force or load that exceeds its normal operating capacity.

The OverloadTriggeredConditionClassType is formally defined in Table 27.

Table 27 – OverloadTriggeredConditionClassType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	OverloadTriggeredConditionClassType
IsAbstract	True
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the FormingProcessConditionClassType defined in 7.8 i.e. inheriting the InstanceDeclarations of that Node.
Conformance Units
MetalForming OverloadTriggeredConditionClassType

7.14 PositionOutOfRangeConditionClassType ObjectType

The PositionOutOfRangeConditionClassType is an abstract ObjectType which should be caused when the operating range of the machine is exceeded. The position out of range generally refers to a situation where the position of a part or tool is exceeded by the normal operating range of the press machine.

The PositionOutOfRangeConditionClassType is formally defined in Table 28.

Table 28 – PositionOutOfRangeConditionClassType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	PositionOutOfRangeConditionClassType
IsAbstract	True
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the FormingProcessConditionClassType defined in 7.8 i.e. inheriting the InstanceDeclarations of that Node.
Conformance Units
MetalForming PositionOutOfRangeConditionClassType

7.15 ProcessForceExceededConditionClassType ObjectType

The ProcessForceExceededConditionClassType is an abstract ObjectType which should be caused when the process force of the machine is exceeded. The process force is the force that is applied to the material being formed by the press.

The ProcessForceExceededConditionClassType is formally defined in Table 29.

Table 29 – ProcessForceExceededConditionClassType Definition

Attribute	Value
BrowseName	ProcessForceExceededConditionClassType
IsAbstract	True
References	Node Class	BrowseName	DataType	TypeDefinition	Other
Subtype of the FormingProcessConditionClassType defined in 7.8 i.e. inheriting the InstanceDeclarations of that Node.
Conformance Units
MetalForming ProcessForceExceededConditionClassType