1 Scope

For the communication between different machines, manufacturer independent information models are required. For surface technology machinery, these information models are based on OPC UA, a communication framework developed and provided by the OPC Foundation. While OPC UA provides the technology for the transfer of information, the definition which information are transferred in which form is fixed in Companion Specifications.

This recommendation defines common ObjectTypes for some, not all, surface technology machines. The intention is that ObjectTypes which can be used for several machines and applications are defined only once. For specific applications these ObjectTypes are used by specific Companion Specifications.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments and errata) applies

OPC 10000-1, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 1: Overview and Concepts

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-1/

OPC 10000-2, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 2: Security Model

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-2/

OPC 10000-3, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 3: Address Space Model

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-3/

OPC 10000-4, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 4: Services

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-4/

OPC 10000-5, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 5: Information Model

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-5/

OPC 10000-6, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 6: Mappings

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-6/

OPC 10000-7, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 7: Profiles

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-7/

OPC 10000-8, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 8: Data Access

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-8/

OPC 10000-10, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 10: Programs

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-10/

OPC 10000-17, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 17: Alias Names

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-17/

OPC 10000-100, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 100: Devices

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-100/

OPC 10000-200, OPC Unified Architecture - Part 200: Industrial Automation

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10000-200/

OPC 40001-1, OPC UA for Machinery - Part 1: Basic Building Blocks

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/40001-1/

OPC 10031-4, OPC UA for ISA-95 – Part 4: Job Control

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/10031-4/

OPC 40001-3, OPC UA for Machinery - Part 3: Job Management

http://www.opcfoundation.org/documents/40001-3/

3 Terms, definitions and conventions

3.1 Overview

It is assumed that basic concepts of OPC UA information modelling are understood in this specification. This specification will use these concepts to describe the OPC UA for Surface Technology General Types Information Model. For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in OPC 10000-1, OPC 10000-3, OPC 10000-4, OPC 10000-5, OPC 10000-7, OPC 10000-100, OPC 10000-200, OPC 40001-1 to 3, OPC 30081 and OPC 10031-4 as well as the following apply.

Note that OPC UA terms and terms defined in this specification are italicized in the specification.

3.2 Abbreviated terms

ACAlarm and Condition
DCSDistributed Control Systems
ERPEnterprise Resource Planning
HMIHuman Machine Interface
HTTPHypertext Transfer Protocol
IPInternet Protocol
MESManufacturing Execution System
PLCProgramable Logical Controller
PMSProduction Management System
TCPTransmission Control Protocol
UMLUnified Modelling Language
URIUniform Resource Identifier
XMLExtensible Markup Language

3.3 Conventions used in this document

3.3.1 Conventions for Node descriptions

3.3.1.1 Node definitions

Node definitions are specified using tables (see Table 2).

Attributes are defined by providing the Attribute name and a value, or a description of the value.

References are defined by providing the ReferenceType name, the BrowseName of the TargetNode and its NodeClass.

If the TargetNode is a component of the Node being defined in the table the Attributes of the composed Node are defined in the same row of the table.

The DataType is only specified for Variables; “[<number>]” indicates a single-dimensional array, for multi-dimensional arrays the expression is repeated for each dimension (e.g. [2][3] for a two-dimensional array). For all arrays the ArrayDimensions is set as identified by <number> values. If no <number> is set, the corresponding dimension is set to 0, indicating an unknown size. If no number is provided at all the ArrayDimensions can be omitted. If no brackets are provided, it identifies a scalar DataType and the ValueRank is set to the corresponding value (see OPC 10000-3). In addition, ArrayDimensions is set to null or is omitted. If it can be Any or ScalarOrOneDimension, the value is put into “{<value>}”, so either “{Any}” or “{ScalarOrOneDimension}” and the ValueRank is set to the corresponding value (see OPC 10000-3) and the ArrayDimensions is set to null or is omitted. Examples are given in Table 1.

Table 1 – Examples of DataTypes
NotationData­TypeValue­RankArray­DimensionsDescription
0:Int320:Int32-1omitted or nullA scalar Int32.
0:Int32[]0:Int321omitted or {0}Single-dimensional array of Int32 with an unknown size.
0:Int32[][]0:Int322omitted or {0,0}Two-dimensional array of Int32 with unknown sizes for both dimensions.
0:Int32[3][]0:Int322{3,0}Two-dimensional array of Int32 with a size of 3 for the first dimension and an unknown size for the second dimension.
0:Int32[5][3]0:Int322{5,3}Two-dimensional array of Int32 with a size of 5 for the first dimension and a size of 3 for the second dimension.
0:Int32{Any}0:Int32-2omitted or nullAn Int32 where it is unknown if it is scalar or array with any number of dimensions.
0:Int32{ScalarOrOneDimension}0:Int32-3omitted or nullAn Int32 where it is either a single-dimensional array or a scalar.

The TypeDefinition is specified for Objects and Variables.

The TypeDefinition column specifies a symbolic name for a NodeId, i.e. the specified Node points with a HasTypeDefinition Reference to the corresponding Node.

The ModellingRule of the referenced component is provided by specifying the symbolic name of the rule in the ModellingRule column. In the AddressSpace, the Node shall use a HasModellingRule Reference to point to the corresponding ModellingRule Object.

If the NodeId of a DataType is provided, the symbolic name of the Node representing the DataType shall be used.

Note that if a symbolic name of a different namespace is used, it is prefixed by the NamespaceIndex (see 3.3.2.2).

Nodes of all other NodeClasses cannot be defined in the same table; therefore only the used ReferenceType, their NodeClass and their BrowseName are specified. A reference to another part of this document points to their definition. Table 2 illustrates the table. If no components are provided, the DataType, TypeDefinition and ModellingRule columns may be omitted and only a Comment column is introduced to point to the Node definition.

Each Type Node or well-known Instance Node defined shall have one or more ConformanceUnits defined in 8.1 that require the Node to be in the AddressSpace.

The relations between Nodes and ConformanceUnits are defined at the end of the tables defining Nodes, one row per ConformanceUnit. The ConformanceUnits are reflected in the Category element for the Node definition in the UANodeSet (see OPC 10000-6).

The list of ConformanceUnits in the UANodeSet allows Servers to optimize resource consumption by using a list of supported ConformanceUnits to select a subset of the Nodes in an Information Model.

When a Node is selected in this way, all dependencies implied by the References are also selected.

Dependencies exist if the Node is the source of HasTypeDefinition, HasInterface, HasAddIn or any HierarchicalReference. Dependencies also exist if the Node is the target of a HasSubtype Reference. For Variables and VariableTypes, the value of the DataType Attribute is a dependency. For DataType Nodes, any DataTypes referenced in the DataTypeDefinition Attribute are also dependencies.

For additional details see OPC 10000-5.

Table 2 – Type Definition Table
Attribute Value
Attribute nameAttribute value. If it is an optional Attribute that is not set “--” will be used.
References NodeClass BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Other
ReferenceType name NodeClass of the target Node. BrowseName of the target Node. DataType of the referenced Node, only applicable for Variables. TypeDefinition of the referenced Node, only applicable for Variables and Objects.Additional characteristics of the TargetNode such as the ModellingRule or AccessLevel.
NOTE Notes referencing footnotes of the table content.
Conformance Units
Name of ConformanceUnit, one row per ConformanceUnit

Components of Nodes can be complex that is containing components by themselves. The TypeDefinition, NodeClass and DataType can be derived from the type definitions, and the symbolic name can be created as defined in 3.3.3.1. Therefore, those containing components are not explicitly specified; they are implicitly specified by the type definitions.

The Other column defines additional characteristics of the Node. Examples of characteristics that can appear in this column are show in Table 3.

Table 3 – Examples of Other Characteristics
Name Short Name Description
0:MandatoryMThe Node has the Mandatory ModellingRule.
0:OptionalOThe Node has the Optional ModellingRule.
0:MandatoryPlaceholderMPThe Node has the MandatoryPlaceholder ModellingRule.
0:OptionalPlaceholderOPThe Node has the OptionalPlaceholder ModellingRule.
ReadOnlyROThe Node AccessLevel has the CurrentRead bit set but not the CurrentWrite bit.
ReadWriteRWThe Node AccessLevel has the CurrentRead and CurrentWrite bits set.
WriteOnlyWOThe Node AccessLevel has the CurrentRead and CurrentWrite bits set.

If multiple characteristics are defined they are separated by commas. The name or the short name may be used.

3.3.1.2 Additional References

To provide information about additional References, the format as shown in Table 4 is used.

Table 4 – <some> Additional References
SourceBrowsePath Reference Type Is Forward TargetBrowsePath
SourceBrowsePath is always relative to the TypeDefinition. Multiple elements are defined as separate rows of a nested table. ReferenceType nameTrue = forward Reference

TargetBrowsePath points to another Node, which can be a well-known instance or a TypeDefinition. You can use BrowsePaths here as well, which is either relative to the TypeDefinition or absolute.

If absolute, the first entry needs to refer to a type or well-known instance, uniquely identified within a namespace by the BrowseName.

References can be to any other Node.

3.3.1.3 Additional sub-components

To provide information about sub-components, the format as shown in Table 5 is used.

Table 5 – <some>Type Additional Subcomponents
BrowsePath Reference NodeClass BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Others
BrowsePath is always relative to the TypeDefinition. Multiple elements are defined as separate rows of a nested tableNOTE Same as for Table 2
3.3.1.4 Additional Attribute values

The type definition table provides columns to specify the values for required Node Attributes for InstanceDeclarations. To provide information about additional Attributes, the format as shown in Table 6 is used.

Table 6 – <some>Type Attribute values for child nodes
BrowsePath <Attribute name> Attribute
BrowsePath is always relative to the TypeDefinition. Multiple elements are defined as separate rows of a nested table

The values of attributes are converted to text by adapting the reversible JSON encoding rules defined in OPC 10000-6.

If the JSON encoding of a value is a JSON string or a JSON number then that value is entered in the value field. Double quotes are not included.

If the DataType includes a NamespaceIndex (QualifiedNames, NodeIds or ExpandedNodeIds) then the notation used for BrowseNames is used.

If the value is an Enumeration the name of the enumeration value is entered.

If the value is a Structure then a sequence of name and value pairs is entered. Each pair is followed by a newline. The name is followed by a colon. The names are the names of the fields in the DataTypeDefinition.

If the value is an array of non-structures then a sequence of values is entered where each value is followed by a newline.

If the value is an array of Structures or a Structure with fields that are arrays or with nested Structures then the complete JSON array or JSON object is entered.

There can be multiple columns to define more than one Attribute.

3.3.2 NodeIds and BrowseNames

3.3.2.1 NodeIds

The NodeIds of all Nodes described in this standard are only symbolic names. Annex A defines the actual NodeIds.

The symbolic name of each Node defined in this document is its BrowseName, or, when it is part of another Node, the BrowseName of the other Node, a “.”, and the BrowseName of itself. In this case “part of” means that the whole has a HasProperty or HasComponent Reference to its part. Since all Nodes not being part of another Node have a unique name in this document, the symbolic name is unique.

The NamespaceUri for all NodeIds defined in this document is defined in Annex A. The NamespaceIndex for this NamespaceUri is vendor-specific and depends on the position of the NamespaceUri in the server namespace table.

Note that this document not only defines concrete Nodes, but also requires that some Nodes shall be generated, for example one for each Session running on the Server. The NodeIds of those Nodes are Server-specific, including the namespace. But the NamespaceIndex of those Nodes cannot be the NamespaceIndex used for the Nodes defined in this document, because they are not defined by this document but generated by the Server.

3.3.2.2 BrowseNames

The text part of the BrowseNames for all Nodes defined in this document is specified in the tables defining the Nodes. The NamespaceUri for all BrowseNames defined in this document is defined in 9.2.

For InstanceDeclarations of NodeClass Object and Variable that are placeholders (OptionalPlaceholder and MandatoryPlaceholder ModellingRule), the BrowseName and the DisplayName are enclosed in angle brackets (<>) as recommended in OPC 10000-3.

If the BrowseName is not defined by this document, a namespace index prefix is added to the BrowseName (e.g., prefix '0' leading to ‘0:EngineeringUnits’ or prefix '2' leading to ‘2:DeviceRevision’). This is typically necessary if a Property of another specification is overwritten or used in the OPC UA types defined in this document. Table 35 provides a list of namespaces and their indexes as used in this document.

3.3.3 Common Attributes

3.3.3.1 General

The Attributes of Nodes, their DataTypes and descriptions are defined in OPC 10000-3. Attributes not marked as optional are mandatory and shall be provided by a Server. The following tables define if the Attribute value is defined by this specification or if it is server-specific.

For all Nodes specified in this specification, the Attributes named in Table 7 shall be set as specified in the table.

Table 7 – Common Node Attributes
Attribute Value
DisplayNameThe DisplayName is a LocalizedText. Each server shall provide the DisplayName identical to the BrowseName of the Node for the LocaleId “en”. Whether the server provides translated names for other LocaleIds is server-specific.
DescriptionOptionally a server-specific description is provided.
NodeClassShall reflect the NodeClass of the Node.
NodeIdThe NodeId is described by BrowseNames as defined in 3.3.2.1.
WriteMaskOptionally the WriteMask Attribute can be provided. If the WriteMask Attribute is provided, it shall set all non-server-specific Attributes to not writable. For example, the Description Attribute may be set to writable since a Server may provide a server-specific description for the Node. The NodeId shall not be writable, because it is defined for each Node in this specification.
UserWriteMaskOptionally the UserWriteMask Attribute can be provided. The same rules as for the WriteMask Attribute apply.
RolePermissionsOptionally server-specific role permissions can be provided.
UserRolePermissionsOptionally the role permissions of the current Session can be provided. The value is server-specifc and depend on the RolePermissions Attribute (if provided) and the current Session.
AccessRestrictionsOptionally server-specific access restrictions can be provided.
3.3.3.2 Objects

For all Objects specified in this specification, the Attributes named in Table 8 shall be set as specified in the table. The definitions for the Attributes can be found in OPC 10000-3.

Table 8 – Common Object Attributes
Attribute Value
EventNotifierWhether the Node can be used to subscribe to Events or not is server-specific.
3.3.3.3 Variables

For all Variables specified in this specification, the Attributes named in Table 9 shall be set as specified in the table. The definitions for the Attributes can be found in OPC 10000-3.

Table 9 – Common Variable Attributes
Attribute Value
MinimumSamplingIntervalOptionally, a server-specific minimum sampling interval is provided.
AccessLevelThe access level for Variables used for type definitions is server-specific, for all other Variables defined in this specification, the access level shall allow reading; other settings are server-specific.
UserAccessLevelThe value for the UserAccessLevel Attribute is server-specific. It is assumed that all Variables can be accessed by at least one user.
ValueFor Variables used as InstanceDeclarations, the value is server-specific; otherwise it shall represent the value described in the text.
ArrayDimensions

If the ValueRank does not identify an array of a specific dimension (i.e. ValueRank <= 0) the ArrayDimensions can either be set to null or the Attribute is missing. This behaviour is server-specific.

If the ValueRank specifies an array of a specific dimension (i.e. ValueRank > 0) then the ArrayDimensions Attribute shall be specified in the table defining the Variable.

HistorizingThe value for the Historizing Attribute is server-specific.
AccessLevelExIf the AccessLevelEx Attribute is provided, it shall have the bits 8, 9, and 10 set to 0, meaning that read and write operations on an individual Variable are atomic, and arrays can be partly written.
3.3.3.4 VariableTypes

For all VariableTypes specified in this specification, the Attributes named in Table 10 shall be set as specified in the table. The definitions for the Attributes can be found in OPC 10000-3.

Table 10 – Common VariableType Attributes
Attributes Value
ValueOptionally a server-specific default value can be provided.
ArrayDimensions

If the ValueRank does not identify an array of a specific dimension (i.e. ValueRank <= 0) the ArrayDimensions can either be set to null or the Attribute is missing. This behaviour is server-specific.

If the ValueRank specifies an array of a specific dimension (i.e. ValueRank > 0) then the ArrayDimensions Attribute shall be specified in the table defining the VariableType.

3.3.3.5 Methods

For all Methods specified in this specification, the Attributes named in Table 11 shall be set as specified in the table. The definitions for the Attributes can be found in OPC 10000-3.

Table 11 – Common Method Attributes
Attributes Value
ExecutableAll Methods defined in this specification shall be executable (Executable Attribute set to “True”), unless it is defined differently in the Method definition.
UserExecutableThe value of the UserExecutable Attribute is server-specific. It is assumed that all Methods can be executed by at least one user.

3.3.4 Structures

OPC 10000-3 differentiates between different kinds of Structures. The following conventions explain, how these Structures shall be defined.

The first kind are Structures without optional fields where none of the fields allows subtype (except fields with abstract DataTypes). Its definition is in Table 12.

Table 12 – Structures without optional fields where none of the fields allow subtypes
Name Type Description
<someStructure>structureSubtype of <someParentStructure> defined in …

SP1

0:Byte[]Setpoint 1

SP2

0:Byte[]Setpoint 2

The second kind are Structures with optional fields where none of the fields allows subtypes (except fields with abstract DataTypes). Its definition is in Table 13.

Structures with fields that are optional have an “Optional” column. Fields that are optional have True set, otherwise False.

Table 13 – Structures with optional fields
Name Type Description Optional
<someStructure>structureSubtype of <someParentStructure> defined in …

SP1

0:Byte[]Setpoint 1False

SP2

0:Byte[]Setpoint 2True

The third kind are Structures without optional fields where one or more of the fields allow subtypes. Its definition is in Table 14.

Structures with fields that allow subtypes have an “Allow Subtypes” column. Fields that allow subtypes have True set, otherwise False. Fields with abstract DataTypes can always be subtyped.

Table 14 – Structures where one or more of the fields allow subtypes
Name Type Description Allow SubTypes
<someStructure>structureSubtype of <someParentStructure> defined in …

SP1

0:Byte[]Setpoint 1False

Allow Subtypes

0:ByteStringSome Bytestring True

4 General information to Surface Technology General Types and OPC UA

4.1 Introduction to Surface Technology General Types

Surface technology is widely used in producing industries. Surface technology covers a wide field of different technologies, which are applied to treat (e.g. coat, modify, clean, structure, activate) material surfaces. The surface technology general types specify a general information structure for components, systems and controllers of surface technology machinery.

4.2 Introduction to OPC Unified Architecture

4.2.1 What is OPC UA?

OPC UA is an open and royalty free set of standards designed as a universal communication protocol. While there are numerous communication solutions available, OPC UA has key advantages:

A state of art security model (see OPC 10000-2).

A fault tolerant communication protocol.

An information modelling framework that allows application developers to represent their data in a way that makes sense to them.

OPC UA has a broad scope which delivers for economies of scale for application developers. This means that a larger number of high-quality applications at a reasonable cost are available. When combined with semantic models such as Surface Technology General Types, OPC UA makes it easier for end users to access data via generic commercial applications.

The OPC UA model is scalable from small devices to ERP systems. OPC UA Servers process information locally and then provide that data in a consistent format to any application requesting data - ERP, MES, PMS, Maintenance Systems, HMI, Smartphone or a standard Browser, for examples. For a more complete overview see OPC 10000-1.

4.2.2 Basics of OPC UA

As an open standard, OPC UA is based on standard internet technologies, like TCP/IP, HTTP, Web Sockets.

As an extensible standard, OPC UA provides a set of Services (see OPC 10000-4) and a basic information model framework. This framework provides an easy manner for creating and exposing vendor defined information in a standard way. More importantly all OPC UA Clients are expected to be able to discover and use vendor-defined information. This means OPC UA users can benefit from the economies of scale that come with generic visualization and historian applications. This specification is an example of an OPC UA Information Model designed to meet the needs of developers and users.

OPC UA Clients can be any consumer of data from another device on the network to browser based thin clients and ERP systems. The full scope of OPC UA applications is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 – The Scope of OPC UA within an Enterprise

OPC UA provides a robust and reliable communication infrastructure having mechanisms for handling lost messages, failover, heartbeat, etc. With its binary encoded data, it offers a high-performing data exchange solution. Security is built into OPC UA as security requirements become more and more important especially since environments are connected to the office network or the internet and attackers are starting to focus on automation systems.

4.2.3 Information modelling in OPC UA

4.2.3.1 Concepts

OPC UA provides a framework that can be used to represent complex information as Objects in an AddressSpace which can be accessed with standard services. These Objects consist of Nodes connected by References. Different classes of Nodes convey different semantics. For example, a Variable Node represents a value that can be read or written. The Variable Node has an associated DataType that can define the actual value, such as a string, float, structure etc. It can also describe the Variable value as a variant. A Method Node represents a function that can be called. Every Node has a number of Attributes including a unique identifier called a NodeId and non-localized name called as BrowseName. An Object representing a ‘Reservation’ is shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2 – A Basic Object in an OPC UA Address Space

Object and Variable Nodes represent instances and they always reference a TypeDefinition (ObjectType or VariableType) Node which describes their semantics and structure. Figure 3 illustrates the relationship between an instance and its TypeDefinition.

The type Nodes are templates that define all of the children that can be present in an instance of the type. In the example in Figure 3 the PersonType ObjectType defines two children: First Name and Last Name. All instances of PersonType are expected to have the same children with the same BrowseNames. Within a type the BrowseNames uniquely identify the children. This means Client applications can be designed to search for children based on the BrowseNames from the type instead of NodeIds. This eliminates the need for manual reconfiguration of systems if a Client uses types that multiple Servers implement.

OPC UA also supports the concept of sub-typing. This allows a modeller to take an existing type and extend it. There are rules regarding sub-typing defined in OPC 10000-3, but in general they allow the extension of a given type or the restriction of a DataType. For example, the modeller may decide that the existing ObjectType in some cases needs an additional Variable. The modeller can create a subtype of the ObjectType and add the Variable. A Client that is expecting the parent type can treat the new type as if it was of the parent type. Regarding DataTypes, subtypes can only restrict. If a Variable is defined to have a numeric value, a sub type could restrict it to a float.

Figure 3 – The Relationship between Type Definitions and Instances

References allow Nodes to be connected in ways that describe their relationships. All References have a ReferenceType that specifies the semantics of the relationship. References can be hierarchical or non-hierarchical. Hierarchical references are used to create the structure of Objects and Variables. Non-hierarchical are used to create arbitrary associations. Applications can define their own ReferenceType by creating subtypes of an existing ReferenceType. Subtypes inherit the semantics of the parent but may add additional restrictions. Figure 4 depicts several References, connecting different Objects.

Figure 4 – Examples of References between Objects

The figures above use a notation that was developed for the OPC UA specification. The notation is summarized in Figure 5. UML representations can also be used; however, the OPC UA notation is less ambiguous because there is a direct mapping from the elements in the figures to Nodes in the AddressSpace of an OPC UA Server.

Figure 5 – The OPC UA Information Model Notation

A complete description of the different types of Nodes and References can be found in OPC 10000-3 and the base structure is described in OPC 10000-5.

OPC UA specification defines a very wide range of functionality in its basic information model. It is not required that all Clients or Servers support all functionality in the OPC UA specifications. OPC UA includes the concept of Profiles, which segment the functionality into testable certifiable units. This allows the definition of functional subsets (that are expected to be implemented) within a companion specification. The Profiles do not restrict functionality, but generate requirements for a minimum set of functionality (see OPC 10000-7).

4.2.3.2 Namespaces

OPC UA allows information from many different sources to be combined into a single coherent AddressSpace. Namespaces are used to make this possible by eliminating naming and id conflicts between information from different sources. Each namespace in OPC UA has a globally unique string called a NamespaceUri which identifies a naming authority and a locally unique integer called a NamespaceIndex, which is an index into the Server's table of NamespaceUris. The NamespaceIndex is unique only within the context of a Session between an OPC UA Client and an OPC UA Server- the NamespaceIndex can change between Sessions and still identify the same item even though the NamespaceUri's location in the table has changed. The Services defined for OPC UA use the NamespaceIndex to specify the Namespace for qualified values.

There are two types of structured values in OPC UA that are qualified with NamespaceIndexes: NodeIds and QualifiedNames. NodeIds are locally unique (and sometimes globally unique) identifiers for Nodes. The same globally unique NodeId can be used as the identifier in a node in many Servers – the node's instance data may vary but its semantic meaning is the same regardless of the Server it appears in. This means Clients can have built-in knowledge of of what the data means in these Nodes. OPC UA Information Models generally define globally unique NodeIds for the TypeDefinitions defined by the Information Model.

QualifiedNames are non-localized names qualified with a Namespace. They are used for the BrowseNames of Nodes and allow the same names to be used by different information models without conflict. TypeDefinitions are not allowed to have children with duplicate BrowseNames; however, instances do not have that restriction.

4.2.3.3 Companion Specifications

An OPC UA companion specification for an industry specific vertical market describes an Information Model by defining ObjectTypes, VariableTypes, DataTypes and ReferenceTypes that represent the concepts used in the vertical market, and potentially also well-defined Objects as entry points into the AddressSpace.

5 Use cases

5.1 Identify machines in a standardized way

Machines of different manufacturers shall be identifiable in a standardized manner. To realize this, a number of basic and static information like manufacturer name and serial number are offered on the information model.

5.2 Current status of the machine

The user would like to monitor information about a specific MachineryItem, like the state or operation mode, for example to get a quick overview over the current state and bottlenecks (localization of errors), to recognize trends or to determine the relevant times (productive time, standby time, etc.) for subsequent KPI calculations (e.g. for calculating reliability and availability). Further information for the KPI calculation might be necessary.

5.3 Structure of a Surface Technology Object

Objects in an OPC UA server based on the Surface Technology – General information model shall be modelled in a structured way. Therefor the basic server structure of the OPC UA for Machinery (OPC 40001-1) shall be applied here.

5.4 M2M communication and orchestration

The information model should allow a higher-level control system to oversee production and organize the orchestration of several machines in the production chain. This also requires the exchange of data between the respective machines.

5.5 Find all components of a machine

With the help of a standardized information model structure, components of a machine must be mapped in the same way in the different machine objects. This enables the standardized location of machine components.

5.6 Harmonizing with existing standards

If available, the customer wants to be able to fall back on cross-industry preparatory work and comply with existing standards. The OPC UA for Machinery standard should be mentioned here in particular. If possible and sensible, different building blocks from OPC UA for Machinery should be implemented in the information model of the material supply system.

6 Surface Technology General Types Information Model overview

This companion specification is intended to be the basis for several companion specifications in the field of surface technology. Different ObjectTypes have been developed for surface technology such as the

STSysType (represents a machine or system)

STCompType (represents a component of a machine or system)

STBaseControllerType (represents a process control)

STJobManagementType (represents a higher level system that is managing the production process).

Figure 6 shows an overview of how the different ObjectTypes can be hierarchically arranged in an information model.

NOTE:
The range of functions of the modelled ObjectTypes is broader than that shown here, which only illustrates the relationships between the different ObjectTypes.

Figure 6 – Information Model overview

The STSysType, which is represented by the green Nodes in Figure 6, can be used to model more complex plants and systems. In some cases, these systems can contain different components. The STCompType was developed to map these in detail. Instances of components must be located within the Components Object of the corresponding system. In the example shown, MyComponent (these are the blue Nodes) represents such an exemplary component of the system MySystem1.

The STBaseControllerType, which is illustrated by the purple nodes, represents a controller that can control one or more systems. The controller represents a logical unit of a physical machine. It has the simple functionalities of startup and shutdown of the systems. In addition, system specific functionalities can be developed in a companion specification or by the end user.

The STJobManagementType is represented by the yellow nodes in Figure 6. Work orders, which usually come from higher-level systems, often do not know the exact recipe of a production process. The STJobManagementType modelled in this companion specification has been extended to include alias handling functionality (OPC 10000-17). This allows the user to provide programs within the controller with an alias, which can then be executed directly by the STJobManagementType. This allows the STJobManagementType to control the STBaseControllerType. It is also possible to link the alias directly with the Setpoint of a ProcessValueType. The STJobManagementType therefore has the ability to control the entire production process.

7 OPC UA ObjectTypes

7.1 STSysType ObjectType Definition

STSysType is an abstract object that represents the basic framework for every system in the area of Surface Technology. All other systems are created below as SubType of this ObjectType. The STSysType is formally defined in Table 15.

Table 15 – STSysType Definition
Attribute Value
BrowseNameSTSysType
IsAbstractTrue
References Node Class BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Other
Subtype of the BaseObjectType defined in OPC 10000-5
0:HasAddInObject2:Identification4:MachineIdentificationTypeO
0:HasAddInObject4:Components4:MachineComponentsTypeO
0:HasComponentObject4:Monitoring4:MonitoringTypeO
0:HasComponentObject4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:FolderTypeM
0:HasComponentObjectDescription0:FolderTypeO

Identification is used as defined in OPC 40001-1. It represents numerous identification features of the system.

Components is representing a collection of all physical components of the Surface Technology System.

Monitoring is representing a collection of ObjectTypes and VariableTypes, representing the current state of the process, that are not assigned to a component but to the overall system. The Monitoring of the overall system may contain specific process values of its components.

MachineryBuildingBlocks is representing a folder that directly references all those building blocks of the OPC UA for Machinery (OPC 40001-1, OPC 40001-3) which are implemented as an add-in.

Description is representing a collection of ObjectTypes and VariableTypes that describe the overall system. This may be information that is not an identifier for the system or that is static in character but must be stored on the server for some use cases. One example is the mesh size of a sieve, which does not vary but can be queried by cooperating systems.

The components of the STSysType have additional references which are defined in Table 16.

Table 16 – STSysType Additional References
SourceBrowsePath Reference Type Is Forward TargetBrowsePath
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInTrue2:Identification
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInTrue4:Components
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInTrue4:Monitoring
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInTrue
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInTrue

The components of the STSysType have additional subcomponents which are defined in Table 17.

Table 17 – STSysType Additional Subcomponents
Source Path Reference NodeClass BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Others
4:Monitoring0:HasComponentObject4:Status0:FolderTypeO
0:HasComponentObject4:MachineryItemState4:MachineryItemState_StateMachineTypeO
0:HasComponentObject4:MachineryOperationMode4:MachineryOperationModeStateMachineTypeO
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInObject2:OperationCounters4:MachineryOperationCounterTypeO

Status is used as defined in OPC 40001-1.

MachineryItemState is used as defined in OPC 40001-1. It represents a StateMachine that shows the current machine state.

MachineryOperationMode is used as defined in OPC 40001-1. It represents a StateMachine that shows the current operational state of the overall system.

OperationCounters is used as defined in OPC 40001-1. All counters that are implemented according to the MachineryOperationCounterType of the OPC 40001-1 shall be integrated with the HasComponent reference under this Object.

7.2 STCompType ObjectType Definition

STCompType is an abstract object that represents the basic framework for every component in the area of Surface Technology. All other components are created below as Subtype of this ObjectType. The STCompType is formally defined in Table 18.

Table 18 – STCompType Definition
Attribute Value
BrowseNameSTCompType
IsAbstractTrue
References Node Class BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Other
Subtype of the BaseObjectType defined in OPC 10000-5
0:HasAddInObject2:Identification4:MachineryComponentIdentificationTypeO
0:HasComponentObject4:Monitoring4:MonitoringTypeO
0:HasComponentObject4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:FolderTypeM
0:HasComponentObjectDescription0:FolderTypeO

Identification is used as defined in OPC 40001-1. It represents numerous identification features of the component.

Monitoring is representing a collection of ObjectTypes and VariableTypes, representing the current state of the process that are assigned to the component.

MachineryBuildingBlocks is representing a folder that directly references all those building blocks of the OPC UA for Machinery (OPC 40001-1, OPC 40001-3) which are implemented as an add-in.

Description is representing a collection of ObjectTypes and VariableTypes that describe the component. This may be information that is not an identifier for the component or that is static in character but must be stored on the server for some use cases. One example is the mesh size of a sieve, which does not vary but can be queried by cooperating systems.

The components of the STCompType have additional references which are defined in Table 19.

Table 19 – STCompType Additional References
SourceBrowsePath Reference Type Is Forward TargetBrowsePath
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInTrue4:Monitoring
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInTrue2:Identification
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInTrue
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInTrue

The components of the STCompType have additional subcomponents which are defined in Table 20.

Table 20 – STCompType Additional Subcomponents
Source Path Reference NodeClass BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Others
4:Monitoring0:HasComponentObject4:Status0:FolderTypeO
0:HasComponentObject4:MachineryItemState4:MachineryItemState_StateMachineTypeO
0:HasComponentObject4:MachineryOperationMode4:MachineryOperationModeStateMachineTypeO
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInObject2:OperationCounters4:MachineryOperationCounterTypeO

Status is used as defined in OPC 40001-1.

MachineryItemState is used as defined in OPC 40001-1. It represents a StateMachine that shows the current machine state.

MachineryOperationMode is used as defined in OPC 40001-1. It represents a StateMachine that shows the current operational state of the overall system.

OperationCounters is used as defined in OPC 40001-1. All counters that are implemented according to the MachineryOperationCounterType of the OPC 40001-1 shall be integrated with the HasComponent reference under this Object.

7.3 STSystemControllerType ObjectType Definition

The STSystemControllerType provides the possibility to control and influence different systems with the help of a controller and is formally defined in Table 21.

Table 21 – STSystemControllerType Definition
Attribute Value
BrowseNameSTSystemControllerType
IsAbstractTrue
References Node Class BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Other
Subtype of the BaseObjectType defined in OPC 10000-5
0:HasComponentObjectState0:FolderTypeM
0:HasComponentObject4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:FolderTypeM

State represents a collection of state machines and status information about the controller.

MachineryBuildingBlocks is representing a folder that directly references all those building blocks of the OPC UA for Machinery (OPC 40001-1, OPC 40001-3) which are implemented as an add-in.

The components of the STSystemControllerType have additional references which are defined in Table 22.

Table 22 – STSystemControllerType Additional References
SourceBrowsePath Reference Type Is Forward TargetBrowsePath
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInTrue
4:MachineryBuildingBlocks0:HasAddInTrue

The components of the STSystemControllerType have additional subcomponents which are defined in Table 23.

Table 23 – STSystemControllerType Additional Subcomponents
Source Path Reference NodeClass BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Others
State0:HasComponentObject4:MachineryItemState4:MachineryItemState_StateMachineTypeO
State0:HasComponentObject4:MachineryOperationMode4:MachineryOperationModeStateMachineTypeO

MachineryItemState is used as defined in OPC 40001-1. It represents a StateMachine that shows the consolidated state of the systems the controller manages.

MachineryOperationMode is used as defined in OPC 40001-1. It represents a StateMachine that shows the consolidated state of the systems the controller manages.

7.4 STBaseControllerType ObjectType Definition

The STBaseControllerType provides basic functionalities for a simple controller. It is formally defined in Table 24.

Table 24 – STBaseControllerType Definition
Attribute Value
BrowseNameSTBaseControllerType
IsAbstractFalse
References Node Class BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Other
Subtype of the STSystemControllerType
0:HasComponentObjectStartUp0:ProgramStateMachineTypeO
0:HasComponentObjectShutDown0:ProgramStateMachineTypeO
Conformance Units
STBaseController Basic
STBaseController MachineryItemState
STBaseController MachineryOperationMode

StartUp is used as defined in OPC 10000-10. It allows to establish the operational status of a system.

ShutDown is used as defined in OPC 10000-10. It allows to shut down a system.

7.5 STJobManagementType ObjectType Definition

7.5.1 Overview

The STJobManagementType has the ability to orchestrate the manufacturing process by enabling job management and assignment to the respective equipment.

It includes alias handling functionality as defined in OPC 10000-17.

The STJobManagementType is formally defined in Table 25.

Table 25 – STJobManagementType Definition
Attribute Value
BrowseNameSTJobManagementType
IsAbstractFalse
References Node Class BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Other
Subtype of the 6:JobManagementType defined in OPC 40001-3.
0:HasComponentObjectSTJobManagementAliases0:AliasNameCategoryTypeO
0:HasComponentMethodAddAliasO
0:HasComponentMethodRemoveAliasO
Conformance Units
STJobManagement Alias

7.5.2 AddAlias Method

The Method AddAlias enables a new alias entry to be assigned. The signature of this Method is specified below.

Signature

	AddAlias (
		[in]	0:String	AliasName,
		[in]	0:NodeId	ReferenceID,
		[in]	0:ExpandedNodeId	Target,
		[out]	0:NodeId	AliasNode
	);
	
Table 26 – AddAlias Method Arguments
Argument Description
AliasNameThe alias to be assigned to a particular node
ReferenceIDThe ID of the reference that should apply to the new alias
TargetThe exact node to which the alias should be assigned to
AliasNodeThe ID of the node that has now been assigned the alias
Table 27 – AddAlias Method AddressSpace Definition
Attribute Value
BrowseNameAddAlias
References Node Class BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Other
0:HasPropertyVariableInputArgumentsArgument[]0:PropertyTypeM
0:HasPropertyVariableOutputArgumentsArgument[]0:PropertyTypeM

7.5.3 RemoveAlias Method

The Method RemoveAlias enables to delete already existing alias entries. The signature of this Method is specified below.

Signature

	RemoveAlias (
		[in]	0:String	AliasName,
		[in]	0:NodeId	ReferenceID
	);
	
Table 28 – RemoveAlias Method Arguments
Argument Description
AliasNameThe alias that has to be removed
ReferenceIDThe ID of the reference that has to be removed
Table 29 – RemoveAlias Method AddressSpace Definition
Attribute Value
BrowseNameRemoveAlias
References Node Class BrowseName DataType TypeDefinition Other
0:HasPropertyVariableInputArgumentsArgument[]0:PropertyTypeM

8 Profiles and ConformanceUnits

8.1 Conformance Units

This chapter defines the corresponding Conformance Units for the OPC UA Information Model for Surface Technology General Types.

Table 30 – Conformance Units for OPC UA for Surface Technology General Types
Category Title Description
ServerSTBaseController BasicThere is at least one instance of the STBaseControllerType on the OPC UA server with the optional Nodes StartUp and ShutDown implemented.
ServerSTBaseController MachineryItemStateThere is at least one instance of the STBaseControllerType on the OPC UA server with the optional Node MachineryItemState implemented.
ServerSTBaseController MachineryOperationModeThere is at least one instance of the STBaseControllerType on the OPC UA server with the optional Node MachineryOperationMode implemented.
ServerSTJobManagement AliasThere is at least one instance of the STJobManagementType on the OPC UA server. The three optional Nodes STJobManagementAliases, AddAlias and RemoveAlias are implemented.

8.2 Profiles

8.2.1 Profile list

Table 31 lists all Profiles defined in this document and defines their URIs.

Table 31 – Profile URIs for Surface Technology General Types
Profile URI
STBaseController Advancedhttp://opcfoundation.org/UA-Profile/SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypes/Server/STBaseControllerAdvanced

8.2.2 Server Facets

8.2.2.1 Overview

The following sections specify the Facets available for Servers that implement the Surface Technology General Types companion specification. Each section defines and describes a Facet or Profile.

8.2.2.2 STBaseControllerAdvanced Server Profile

Table 32 defines a Profile that defines advanced support of the STBaseControllerType. All it’s optional nodes defined in this companion specification are implemented.

Table 32 – STBaseControllerAdvanced Server Profile
Group Conformance Unit / Profile Title Mandatory / Optional
SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypesSTBaseController BasicM
SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypesSTBaseController MachineryItemStateM
SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypesSTBaseController MachineryOperationModeM

8.2.3 Client Facets

This specification does not define any Client Facets.

9 Namespaces

9.1 Namespace Metadata

Table 33 defines the namespace metadata for this document. The Object is used to provide version information for the namespace and an indication about static Nodes. Static Nodes are identical for all Attributes in all Servers, including the Value Attribute. See OPC 10000-5 for more details.

The information is provided as Object of type NamespaceMetadataType. This Object is a component of the Namespaces Object that is part of the Server Object. The NamespaceMetadataType ObjectType and its Properties are defined in OPC 10000-5.

The version information is also provided as part of the ModelTableEntry in the UANodeSet XML file. The UANodeSet XML schema is defined in OPC 10000-6.

Table 33 – NamespaceMetadata Object for this Document
Attribute Value
BrowseNamehttp://opcfoundation.org/UA/SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypes/
Property DataType Value
NamespaceUriStringhttp://opcfoundation.org/UA/SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypes/
NamespaceVersionString1.0.0
NamespacePublicationDateDateTime2026-04-01
IsNamespaceSubsetBooleanFalse
StaticNodeIdTypesIdType []0
StaticNumericNodeIdRangeNumericRange []
StaticStringNodeIdPatternString

Note: The IsNamespaceSubset Property is set to False as the UANodeSet XML file contains the complete Namespace. Servers only exposing a subset of the Namespace need to change the value to True.

9.2 Handling of OPC UA Namespaces

Namespaces are used by OPC UA to create unique identifiers across different naming authorities. The Attributes NodeId and BrowseName are identifiers. A Node in the UA AddressSpace is unambiguously identified using a NodeId. Unlike NodeIds, the BrowseName cannot be used to unambiguously identify a Node. Different Nodes may have the same BrowseName. They are used to build a browse path between two Nodes or to define a standard Property.

Servers may often choose to use the same namespace for the NodeId and the BrowseName. However, if they want to provide a standard Property, its BrowseName shall have the namespace of the standards body although the namespace of the NodeId reflects something else, for example the EngineeringUnits Property. All NodeIds of Nodes not defined in this document shall not use the standard namespaces.

Table 34 provides a list of mandatory and optional namespaces used in an Surface Technology General Types OPC UA Server.

Table 34 – Namespaces used in a Surface Technology General Types Server
NamespaceURI Description Use
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/Namespace for NodeIds and BrowseNames defined in the OPC UA specification. This namespace shall have namespace index 0.Mandatory
Local Server URINamespace for nodes defined in the local server. This namespace shall have namespace index 1.Mandatory
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/DI/Namespace for NodeIds and BrowseNames defined in OPC 10000-100. The namespace index is Server specific.Mandatory
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/IA/Namespace for NodeIds and BrowseNames defined in OPC 10000-200. The namespace index is Server specific.Mandatory
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/Machinery/Namespace for NodeIds and BrowseNames defined in OPC 40001-1. The namespace index is Server specific.Mandatory
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/ISA95-JOBCONTROL_V2/ Namespace for NodeIds and BrowseNames defined in OPC 10031-4. The namespace index is Server specific.Mandatory

http://opcfoundation.org/UA/Machinery/Jobs/

Namespace for NodeIds and BrowseNames defined in OPC 40001-3. The namespace index is Server specific.Mandatory
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypes/Namespace for NodeIds and BrowseNames defined in this document. The namespace index is Server specific.Mandatory
Vendor specific typesA Server may provide vendor-specific types like types derived from ObjectTypes defined in this document in a vendor-specific namespace.Optional
Vendor specific instances

A Server provides vendor-specific instances of the standard types or vendor-specific instances of vendor-specific types in a vendor-specific namespace.

It is recommended to separate vendor specific types and vendor specific instances into two or more namespaces.

Mandatory

Table 35 provides a list of namespaces and their indices used for BrowseNames in this document. The default namespace of this document is not listed since all BrowseNames without prefix use this default namespace.

Table 35 – Namespaces used in this document
NamespaceURI Namespace Index Example
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/00:EngineeringUnits
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/DI/22:DeviceRevision
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/IA/33:BasicStacklightType
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/Machinery/44:MachineComponentsType
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/ISA95-JOBCONTROL_V2/55:ISA95MaterialDataType
http://opcfoundation.org/UA/Machinery/Jobs/ 66:JobManagementType

10 (normative)OPC UA for Surface Technology General Types Namespace and mappings

NodeSet and supplementary files for Surface Technology General Types Information Model

The OPC UA for Surface Technology General Types Information Model is identified by the following URI:

http://opcfoundation.org/UA/SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypes/

Documentation for the NamespaceUri can be found here.

The NodeSet associated with this version of specification can be found here:

https://reference.opcfoundation.org/nodesets/?u=http://opcfoundation.org/UA/SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypes/&v=1.0.0&i=1

The NodeSet associated with the latest version of the specification can be found here:

https://reference.opcfoundation.org/nodesets/?u=http://opcfoundation.org/UA/SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypes/&i=1

The supplementary files associated with this version of specification can be found here:

https://reference.opcfoundation.org/nodesets/?u=http://opcfoundation.org/UA/SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypes/&v=1.0.0&i=2

The supplementary files associated with the latest version of the specification can be found here:

https://reference.opcfoundation.org/nodesets/?u=http://opcfoundation.org/UA/SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypes/&i=2

Capability Identifier

The capability identifier for this document shall be:

SurfaceTechnology/GeneralTypes

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